PLoS One, Stanley Milgram and the CAVE

This is rich. The online open access jounal Public Library of Science (PLoS) has just launched PLoS One–an experiment in post-publication peer review. Rather than extensive peer review prior to publishing research, articles submitted to PLoS One will be reviewed by one editorial board member for primarily “technical rather than subjective” concerns (I think they mean technical rather than substantive… or maybe they don’t). Then the published articles are opened up for peer review by readers–through annotations, discussion and ratings systems. I think this is the future for scholarly peer review, especially in fields where competition is stiff and time to publication is important (i.e. less so for anthropology than for computer science, but still)–and so long as these articles are primarily annotated, discussed, and rated by people who actually have some knowledge of the given field or topic, it could become a system that moves people towards a kind of research publication spectrum (multiple, frequent reports on a research project) and away from the kind of secretive, report-it-all-in-one (or get rejected) Important Journal. The idea of “open access” is here not just about making research available, but also about staking out research territory in a public way, testing research questions in a public forum, and hopefully, raising the bar on the kind of research that is reviewed by the Important Journals.

What I love even more about this is that the first article I looked at is a fascinating replication of Stanley Milgram’s famous Obedience experiments from the 1960s, in which research subjects thought they were participating in an experiment about learning, but actually it was about obedience to authority. The replication takes place not with real people, but with virtual humans generated in an immersive environment and seeks to study emotional and physiological response to the administration of painful shocks to a character that the subjects know to be “virtual”–though they interact with it through vision and speach (and through text in the control). Apparently, people get a bit shaken up by torturing virtual humans. Not a surprise really, but a very clever experiment.

Christopher Kelty does anthropological and historical research on science and technology, free and open source software, intellectual property and open access, the history of software, and the ethics and politics of nanotechnology. He also teaches classes about all of these things. From 2001 to 2008 he was assistant professor of anthropology at Rice University, in Houston, TX. He know teaches at UCLA and splits his time between the Information Studies department, the Anthropology Department and the Center for Society and Genetics.