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	<title>Comments on: The &#8216;big debate&#8217; in 1960s anthropology doesn&#8217;t actually tell us anything about Mitt Romney</title>
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	<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/</link>
	<description>Notes and Queries in Anthropology</description>
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		<title>By: John McCreery</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743811</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[John McCreery]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Oct 2012 14:36:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743811</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Right. I stand corrected. Accurate information rocks.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Right. I stand corrected. Accurate information rocks.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>By: MTBradley</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743810</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[MTBradley]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Oct 2012 14:14:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743810</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&lt;blockquote&gt;
		Since Barth was identified as an anthropologist and the example was Afghanistan, my guess is no. More than happy to be corrected.
	&lt;/blockquote&gt;

	&lt;a href=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Swat_NWFP.svg&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Pakistan&lt;/a&gt;, actually. Though as the Swat Valley is located within Pashtunistan as divided by the Durand Line yours is an understandable error.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>
		Since Barth was identified as an anthropologist and the example was Afghanistan, my guess is no. More than happy to be corrected.
	</p></blockquote>
<p>	<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Swat_NWFP.svg" rel="nofollow">Pakistan</a>, actually. Though as the Swat Valley is located within Pashtunistan as divided by the Durand Line yours is an understandable error.</p>
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		<title>By: DIscuss White Privilege</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743727</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[DIscuss White Privilege]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Oct 2012 23:43:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743727</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[If you think Scala&#039;s post was the wrong way to popularize anthropology, then get read for something even more painful and read this: http://www.wired.com/opinion/2012/10/why-reality-tv-doesnt-suck-and-may-even-make-us-smarter/?utm_source=feedburner&#038;utm_medium=feed&#038;utm_campaign=Feed:+wired/index+(Wired:+Top+Stories).

Interesting who gets to speak for anthropology, where, and why...]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If you think Scala&#8217;s post was the wrong way to popularize anthropology, then get read for something even more painful and read this: <a href="http://www.wired.com/opinion/2012/10/why-reality-tv-doesnt-suck-and-may-even-make-us-smarter/?utm_source=feedburner&#038;utm_medium=feed&#038;utm_campaign=Feed:+wired/index+(Wired:+Top+Stories)" rel="nofollow">http://www.wired.com/opinion/2012/10/why-reality-tv-doesnt-suck-and-may-even-make-us-smarter/?utm_source=feedburner&#038;utm_medium=feed&#038;utm_campaign=Feed:+wired/index+(Wired:+Top+Stories)</a>.</p>
<p>Interesting who gets to speak for anthropology, where, and why&#8230;</p>
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		<title>By: Al West</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743688</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Al West]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Oct 2012 13:14:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743688</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I have added it to my wishlist as well.  Thanks for the recommendation!]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have added it to my wishlist as well.  Thanks for the recommendation!</p>
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		<title>By: John McCreery</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743687</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[John McCreery]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Oct 2012 13:12:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743687</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Al, you might like Martin&#039;s &lt;i&gt;Social Structures&lt;/i&gt;. I have only read part of it. Appears to be an attempt to move the idea that institutions are crystallizations of interactions from metaphor to something closer to rigorous formalization. Looks promising because computational models of crystallization created for physics and chemistry are getting pretty sophisticated, suggesting the possibility of moving from &quot;that sounds interesting&quot; to testable hypotheses.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Al, you might like Martin&#8217;s <i>Social Structures</i>. I have only read part of it. Appears to be an attempt to move the idea that institutions are crystallizations of interactions from metaphor to something closer to rigorous formalization. Looks promising because computational models of crystallization created for physics and chemistry are getting pretty sophisticated, suggesting the possibility of moving from &#8220;that sounds interesting&#8221; to testable hypotheses.</p>
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		<title>By: Al West</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743686</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Al West]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Oct 2012 13:03:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743686</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&lt;blockquote&gt;Have any of us here besides me heard of either Homans or Martin? If not, why would you expect that anyone outside of a few anthropologists would be seriously familiar with the works of Frederik [sic] Barth?&lt;/blockquote&gt;

I should bloody well hope the anthropologists here have heard of George Homans!  After all, he wrote a book on marriage alliance with David Schneider&#039;s (probably entirely nominal) assistance.  The work, and Needham&#039;s &lt;i&gt;Structure and Sentiment&lt;/i&gt; (his book-length response/smackdown to Homans), were set texts for me.  So yes, I&#039;m familiar with Homans, as I expect most anthropologists are.  As for transactionalism, I&#039;ve always understood it to have originated with Weber, at least in essence.  The &lt;i&gt;Atlantic&lt;/i&gt; article just came across as another one of those pieces using Marx and Weber to represent different sides of humanity, but replacing them with lesser-known scholars.

As for Martin, I had only ever heard his name, but &lt;i&gt;The Explanation of Social Action&lt;/i&gt; is on my amazon wishlist.  Good, is he?

Either way, it&#039;s fine to gripe about these things.  There are certainly more productive things to do, but complaining is a natural response.  Reading through some of Scola&#039;s other articles, by the way, it turns out that some of them are rather good.  It seems like this one was duff - an attempt at a new angle on a topic saturated by media coverage that fell short.  That&#039;s all.  Again, your mileage may vary.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>Have any of us here besides me heard of either Homans or Martin? If not, why would you expect that anyone outside of a few anthropologists would be seriously familiar with the works of Frederik [sic] Barth?</p></blockquote>
<p>I should bloody well hope the anthropologists here have heard of George Homans!  After all, he wrote a book on marriage alliance with David Schneider&#8217;s (probably entirely nominal) assistance.  The work, and Needham&#8217;s <i>Structure and Sentiment</i> (his book-length response/smackdown to Homans), were set texts for me.  So yes, I&#8217;m familiar with Homans, as I expect most anthropologists are.  As for transactionalism, I&#8217;ve always understood it to have originated with Weber, at least in essence.  The <i>Atlantic</i> article just came across as another one of those pieces using Marx and Weber to represent different sides of humanity, but replacing them with lesser-known scholars.</p>
<p>As for Martin, I had only ever heard his name, but <i>The Explanation of Social Action</i> is on my amazon wishlist.  Good, is he?</p>
<p>Either way, it&#8217;s fine to gripe about these things.  There are certainly more productive things to do, but complaining is a natural response.  Reading through some of Scola&#8217;s other articles, by the way, it turns out that some of them are rather good.  It seems like this one was duff &#8211; an attempt at a new angle on a topic saturated by media coverage that fell short.  That&#8217;s all.  Again, your mileage may vary.</p>
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		<title>By: John McCreery</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743672</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[John McCreery]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Oct 2012 07:01:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743672</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Gentlemen (Ladies, too, if any here are taking an interest in this thread), allow me to call you attention to the Wikipedia articles on &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fredrik_Barth&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Frederik Barth&lt;/a&gt;  and &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_C._Homans&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;George Homans&lt;/a&gt;. According to the first, his work on the Swat Pathans was published in 1959, his last major book, on Balinese cosmologies, in 1993. Homans &lt;i&gt;The Human Group&lt;/i&gt; was published in 1950, and it is Homans who is usually cited as the father of transaction theory. I remember being made to read Homans, but that was back in the late 1960s. I know that his reputation survives because John Levi Martin&#039;s &lt;i&gt;Social Structures&lt;/i&gt;, which brings considerable rigor to the program Homans outlined, won the American Sociological Association&#039;s 2010 theory prize. Have any of us here besides me heard of either Homans or Martin? If not, why would you expect that anyone outside of a few anthropologists would be seriously familiar with the works of Frederik Barth?

I agree with Ryan&#039;s conclusion and with Rex&#039;s original critique. What I don&#039;t understand, except that the blog is here and the audience is receptive, Rex&#039;s critique is addressed to the choir at Savage Minds instead of the editors of The Atlantic or the comment threads on its blogs. Were I doing fieldwork, my notes on these events would be along the following lines. 

&lt;i&gt;Once again the natives are excited by a mention of their tribe. Once again they are beating their drums and complaining to each other how badly they are misunderstood. Some claim that what was said by the member of the tribe cited in the article was not only incorrectly interpreted but was also irrelevant to the argument the author advanced. Nods of pious satisfaction all around.&lt;/i&gt;]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Gentlemen (Ladies, too, if any here are taking an interest in this thread), allow me to call you attention to the Wikipedia articles on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fredrik_Barth" rel="nofollow">Frederik Barth</a>  and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_C._Homans" rel="nofollow">George Homans</a>. According to the first, his work on the Swat Pathans was published in 1959, his last major book, on Balinese cosmologies, in 1993. Homans <i>The Human Group</i> was published in 1950, and it is Homans who is usually cited as the father of transaction theory. I remember being made to read Homans, but that was back in the late 1960s. I know that his reputation survives because John Levi Martin&#8217;s <i>Social Structures</i>, which brings considerable rigor to the program Homans outlined, won the American Sociological Association&#8217;s 2010 theory prize. Have any of us here besides me heard of either Homans or Martin? If not, why would you expect that anyone outside of a few anthropologists would be seriously familiar with the works of Frederik Barth?</p>
<p>I agree with Ryan&#8217;s conclusion and with Rex&#8217;s original critique. What I don&#8217;t understand, except that the blog is here and the audience is receptive, Rex&#8217;s critique is addressed to the choir at Savage Minds instead of the editors of The Atlantic or the comment threads on its blogs. Were I doing fieldwork, my notes on these events would be along the following lines. </p>
<p><i>Once again the natives are excited by a mention of their tribe. Once again they are beating their drums and complaining to each other how badly they are misunderstood. Some claim that what was said by the member of the tribe cited in the article was not only incorrectly interpreted but was also irrelevant to the argument the author advanced. Nods of pious satisfaction all around.</i></p>
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		<title>By: Ryan</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743664</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Oct 2012 05:55:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743664</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Al wrote:

&quot;So while it is nice to Fredrik Barth discussed in The Atlantic, it would be better if the reason were enthusiasm for the topics of his research rather than an attempt to come up with a new angle on Mitt Romney’s campaign.&quot;

I agree 100 percent.  It would be one thing if there was some sort of relevance with the whole transactionalism argument.  But, there isn&#039;t.  In this case the &quot;anthropology&quot; angle is just an attempt to put a different spin on a rather bad argument.

I don&#039;t think getting this kind of mention in the popular press is something to get excited about. I think the discipline has a lot more to contribute than the occasional not-so-great nod in our direction.  Yet another reason why more anthros need to actually be the ones who write the anthropology for wider audiences.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Al wrote:</p>
<p>&#8220;So while it is nice to Fredrik Barth discussed in The Atlantic, it would be better if the reason were enthusiasm for the topics of his research rather than an attempt to come up with a new angle on Mitt Romney’s campaign.&#8221;</p>
<p>I agree 100 percent.  It would be one thing if there was some sort of relevance with the whole transactionalism argument.  But, there isn&#8217;t.  In this case the &#8220;anthropology&#8221; angle is just an attempt to put a different spin on a rather bad argument.</p>
<p>I don&#8217;t think getting this kind of mention in the popular press is something to get excited about. I think the discipline has a lot more to contribute than the occasional not-so-great nod in our direction.  Yet another reason why more anthros need to actually be the ones who write the anthropology for wider audiences.</p>
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		<title>By: John McCreery</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743653</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[John McCreery]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Oct 2012 03:17:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743653</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Pop quiz, identify and articulate the theories of 

George Homans
Thomas C. Schelling
John Levi Martin

Has anybody noticed? Are there any sociologists upset because they weren&#039;t cited? 
Since Barth was identified as an anthropologist and the example was Afghanistan, my guess is no. More than happy to be corrected.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pop quiz, identify and articulate the theories of </p>
<p>George Homans<br />
Thomas C. Schelling<br />
John Levi Martin</p>
<p>Has anybody noticed? Are there any sociologists upset because they weren&#8217;t cited?<br />
Since Barth was identified as an anthropologist and the example was Afghanistan, my guess is no. More than happy to be corrected.</p>
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		<title>By: Al West</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743603</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Al West]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Oct 2012 18:39:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743603</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&lt;blockquote&gt;How many of us are up to speed with the last half century of developments in ichthyology, organic chemistry, medieval history or Buddhist studies, for example?&lt;/blockquote&gt;

I don&#039;t know about you, but I know a bit about the state of these fields, certainly as they were back in the 1960s.  I expect you do as well, and while modesty is always good, I&#039;d like to hope that you know as much about each of those fields as Nancy Scola does about anthropology.  Know a little about the DNA double-helix, Schroedinger&#039;s &lt;i&gt;What is Life?&lt;/i&gt;, and the attempted reduction of biology to chemistry and chemistry to physics?  Know about the supposed dates of Gautama Buddha and the role of the Indo-Greek kingdoms and Kushan empire in spreading Buddhist doctrines along the Silk Road?  Congratulations, you know as much about these topics as Scola appears to know about anthropology.

I think it&#039;s fair to criticise coverage like this instead of simply being happy to see a name like Barth&#039;s in the press.  In fact, breaking down popular articles is a good way to educate people who might be interested in the topic.  So while it &lt;i&gt;is&lt;/i&gt; nice to Fredrik Barth discussed in &lt;i&gt;The Atlantic&lt;/i&gt;, it would be better if the reason were enthusiasm for the topics of his research rather than an attempt to come up with a new angle on Mitt Romney&#039;s campaign.

Just my view on it, of course.  YMMV.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>How many of us are up to speed with the last half century of developments in ichthyology, organic chemistry, medieval history or Buddhist studies, for example?</p></blockquote>
<p>I don&#8217;t know about you, but I know a bit about the state of these fields, certainly as they were back in the 1960s.  I expect you do as well, and while modesty is always good, I&#8217;d like to hope that you know as much about each of those fields as Nancy Scola does about anthropology.  Know a little about the DNA double-helix, Schroedinger&#8217;s <i>What is Life?</i>, and the attempted reduction of biology to chemistry and chemistry to physics?  Know about the supposed dates of Gautama Buddha and the role of the Indo-Greek kingdoms and Kushan empire in spreading Buddhist doctrines along the Silk Road?  Congratulations, you know as much about these topics as Scola appears to know about anthropology.</p>
<p>I think it&#8217;s fair to criticise coverage like this instead of simply being happy to see a name like Barth&#8217;s in the press.  In fact, breaking down popular articles is a good way to educate people who might be interested in the topic.  So while it <i>is</i> nice to Fredrik Barth discussed in <i>The Atlantic</i>, it would be better if the reason were enthusiasm for the topics of his research rather than an attempt to come up with a new angle on Mitt Romney&#8217;s campaign.</p>
<p>Just my view on it, of course.  YMMV.</p>
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		<title>By: John McCreery</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743580</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[John McCreery]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Oct 2012 14:57:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743580</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[We have to remember that because anthropologists said something decades ago is no guarantee that it is widely known inside the field, let alone outside it. How many of us are up to speed with the last half century of developments in ichthyology, organic chemistry, medieval history or Buddhist studies, for example? Frankly speaking, it&#039;s a miracle that the author of the piece Rex critiques has even heard of Frederik Barth. Give thanks for the publicity and figure out how to build on it instead of critiquing to the choir.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We have to remember that because anthropologists said something decades ago is no guarantee that it is widely known inside the field, let alone outside it. How many of us are up to speed with the last half century of developments in ichthyology, organic chemistry, medieval history or Buddhist studies, for example? Frankly speaking, it&#8217;s a miracle that the author of the piece Rex critiques has even heard of Frederik Barth. Give thanks for the publicity and figure out how to build on it instead of critiquing to the choir.</p>
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		<title>By: Jason Antrosio</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743579</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Jason Antrosio]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Oct 2012 14:43:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743579</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Hi Rex, I would agree that in fact Barth is part of the solution to earlier ahistorical tendencies, and that pieces like Asad from 1972 led to an enriching of the anthropological analysis, helping to burgeon into much more history-anthropology connections around the 1980s. I should probably have specified that when I said the point was lost on &quot;generation after generation of academics&quot; that I&#039;m certainly exaggerating, but more importantly that I was referring to outside-of-anthropology pundits, for indeed these are all issues anthropology has long grappled with as part of ethnographic fieldwork.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi Rex, I would agree that in fact Barth is part of the solution to earlier ahistorical tendencies, and that pieces like Asad from 1972 led to an enriching of the anthropological analysis, helping to burgeon into much more history-anthropology connections around the 1980s. I should probably have specified that when I said the point was lost on &#8220;generation after generation of academics&#8221; that I&#8217;m certainly exaggerating, but more importantly that I was referring to outside-of-anthropology pundits, for indeed these are all issues anthropology has long grappled with as part of ethnographic fieldwork.</p>
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		<title>By: Muntasir</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743577</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Muntasir]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Oct 2012 13:35:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743577</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Haven&#039;t found any anthropologists enriching this debate, maybe someone can point the way?]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Haven&#8217;t found any anthropologists enriching this debate, maybe someone can point the way?</p>
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		<title>By: Al West</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743560</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Al West]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Oct 2012 07:25:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743560</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#039;m going to go with bad spell-checker.
*Fredrik Barth.
*Structural-functionalism.

I have to agree with Ryan here - the article isn&#039;t so great.  Seems like Fredrik Barth has been shoehorned in to give a fresh edge to &lt;i&gt;yet another&lt;/i&gt; article on Romney.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m going to go with bad spell-checker.<br />
*Fredrik Barth.<br />
*Structural-functionalism.</p>
<p>I have to agree with Ryan here &#8211; the article isn&#8217;t so great.  Seems like Fredrik Barth has been shoehorned in to give a fresh edge to <i>yet another</i> article on Romney.</p>
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		<title>By: Rex</title>
		<link>/2012/10/02/the-big-debate-in-1960s-anthropology-doesnt-actually-tell-us-anything-about-mitt-romney/comment-page-1/#comment-743545</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Rex]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Oct 2012 04:33:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">/?p=8611#comment-743545</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Well there are two issues here. The first is the particular one of whether Barth got the details of Swat right and there is (apparently) a lot to be critical of there. The second is a general theoretical point about the adequacy of theoretical models to make sense of a reality that is complex, processural, changing etc. It is true that Barth doesn&#039;t do historical ethnography. But his transactionalism (like Firth&#039;s work and Leach&#039;s work in Pul Eliya and elsewhere) was in fact the very first step towards theoretical models that could understand historical processes as the outcome of the interaction of a variety of different orders of determination, one of which is human agency. I think here of Marshall Sahlins&#039;s work as exemplary of this approach, but there are others. But -- and this is the important point -- if there was one thing that structure functionalism didn&#039;t want to talk about was history, which it saw as the purview of discredited diffusionist approaches. All of which is to say that Barth&#039;s work was part of the _solution_ not part of the _problem_.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Well there are two issues here. The first is the particular one of whether Barth got the details of Swat right and there is (apparently) a lot to be critical of there. The second is a general theoretical point about the adequacy of theoretical models to make sense of a reality that is complex, processural, changing etc. It is true that Barth doesn&#8217;t do historical ethnography. But his transactionalism (like Firth&#8217;s work and Leach&#8217;s work in Pul Eliya and elsewhere) was in fact the very first step towards theoretical models that could understand historical processes as the outcome of the interaction of a variety of different orders of determination, one of which is human agency. I think here of Marshall Sahlins&#8217;s work as exemplary of this approach, but there are others. But &#8212; and this is the important point &#8212; if there was one thing that structure functionalism didn&#8217;t want to talk about was history, which it saw as the purview of discredited diffusionist approaches. All of which is to say that Barth&#8217;s work was part of the _solution_ not part of the _problem_.</p>
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